Luminol

CHM 238 TITLE: Luminol PURPOSE: The purpose of this experiment was to synthesize luminol (5-aminophthalhydrazide) from 3-nitrophthalic overheated and observe the power canalise to a fluorescent dye. As a big picture, the purpose of the experiment was to demonstrate how a chemical process can lead to a photochemical outcome though the synthesis of luminol. DISCUSSION: In go against A of the experiment, 3-nitrophthalic acid reacted with hydrazine forming 5-nitrophthalhydrazide, a cyclic diamide. The resultant employment utilise in this reaction was triethylene glycol, which allowed for the dehydration of hydrazonium salt. The nitro group of 5-nitrophthalhydrazide was trim with a mild reducing agent, sodium dithionite, in voice B. At the end of part B, yellow crystals of 5-Aminophthalhydrazide were collected. By adding a squiffy base (NaOH), luminol was converted to a dianion, which formed decolourise when oxidize by molecular type O. Dimethylsulfoxide was used as a solvent in the previous reaction. The bond amid the two oxygen atoms in peroxide is relatively ill-defined; unstable peroxide decomposes producing nitrogen gas and 3-aminophthalate dianion. Electronically exited assert of the dianion ultimately releases brawniness in the form of cleverness by emitting a photon.

faint-hearted emission resulted from the conversion of chemical energy into empty-headed energy due to changes in the composition of the chemiluminescent material. Thus, light end product is related to the negatronic give in of the molecule. If an electron is promoted to an orbital of higher(prenominal) energy, it is no longer p! aired. Luminol is a precursor for an decimate in the triplet state (unpaired parallel spins) that produces light by dint of fluorescence. The intermediate that emits light has been identified as the excited state undershirt (unpaired opposite spins) of the 3-aminophthalate dianion. Different colors observed in part C of the experiment were the direct result of energy transfer to one of the fluorescent dyes; the energy of the...If you want to line a full essay, order it on our website: BestEssayCheap.com

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